What does the term "latency" mean in the context of AV technology?

In the context of AV technology, "latency" specifically refers to the delay between the input and output of an audio or video signal. This delay can occur for various reasons, including the time it takes for a signal to be processed by equipment, the distance signals must travel, and any digital signal conversion that may be involved.

Understanding latency is critical for applications where live feedback is necessary, such as in broadcasting, live performances, or video conferencing. High latency can lead to noticeable delays that disrupt synchrony between audio and video or between speakers and their sound, which can greatly affect the quality of the experience for users or audiences.

The other choices describe different concepts that are not directly related to the definition of latency. For instance, while the speed of signal processing is involved in overall system performance, it does not define latency itself. Similarly, frequency range pertains to the audible spectrum of sound, and maximum volume level relates to audio output but does not connect to the timing aspect that is central to latency.